Timeline: The American Eugenics Movement


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1907 | 1911 | 1912-1914 | 1914 | 1915 | 1917 | 1918 | 1920-1924 | 1921 | 1924 | 1925 | 1927 | 1929 | 1932 | 1935 | 1939 | 1967 | 1972 | 1994

1907 back to top

  • Indiana passes first eugenic sterilization law
1911 back to top

  • First International Congress of Eugenics, London
  • Harry Laughlin and Charles Davenport at the ERO - Thumbnail
  • Eugenics Record Office established at Cold Spring Harbor
1912-1914 back to top

  • First mass use of standardized IQ Test in USA: Ellis Island, created by Henry Goddard
1914 back to top

  • First National Conference on Race Betterment held at Battle Creek, Mi.
  • Race Betterment Foundation begun, largest eugenic center in the Midwest
1915 back to top

  • Second National Race Betterment Foundation held
1917 back to top

IQ Beta Test - Thumbnail
  • US Army administered 8 Alpha and Beta Tests to 1.7 million recruits. Created by Henry Goddard, Lewis Terman, and Robert Yerkes.
1918 back to top

  • The Galton Society established in NYC. Prestigious group of academics and funders endorse racist policies in American society
1920-1924 back to top

Thumbnail - Harry Laughlin
  • Harry Laughlin is appointed Expert Eugenics Agent for the House Committee on Immigration and Naturalization.
1921 back to top

  • Second International Congress of Eugenics, New York.
1924 back to top

  • Immigration Restriction Act.
  • Virginia Act to Preserve Racial Integrity.
1925 back to top

  • The American Eugenics Society founded with focus on influencing American education and popular culture.
1927 back to top

Carrie and Emma Buck
  • Supreme Court Decision of Buck v Bell.
1929 back to top

  • Human Betterment Foundation established in Pasadena, Ca. Large focus on sterilization and will become most eugenics institution once the ERO closes in 1939.
1932 back to top

  • Third International Congress on Eugenics, New York.
1935 back to top

  • South Carolina 31st and last state to pass a eugenic sterilization law.
  • Nazi Nuremberg Laws passed; modeled in part on American anti-miscegenation laws.
1939 back to top

  • Edinburgh: 7th International Congress of Geneticists, first signed statement by a group of scientists condemning eugenics on scientific and ethical grounds.
  • ERO closes, Carnegie Foundation pulls funding.
1967 back to top

Thumbnail - book cover - Loving v. Virginia
  • Loving v. Virginia: Warren court strikes down the Racial Integrity Act of 1924 in Va., along with 15 other state anti-miscegenation laws.
1972 back to top

  • Last of eugenic state sterilization laws removed.
1994 back to top

Thumbnail of book cover - The Bell Curve
  • The controversial best seller, The Bell Curve, is published making latter day eugenic arguments on race and intelligence.

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